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Sanicula purpurea

H.St.John & Hosaka (1935)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Apiales Family: Apiaceae Genus: Sanicula

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennial, rather stout, erect or ascending herbs 0.8–3.6 dm tall, from a massive multicipital caudex.

Stems: Caulescent, stems usually several, decumbent, tufted, paniculately–cymosely branched.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate, basal leaves numerous, cauline leaves reduced upward. Basal leaves reniform or orbicular to ovate–cordate, 2–8 cm wide, 3–7–lobed ½ or less to petiole; basal leaf lobes orbicular to obovate. Blades of basal leaves coriaceous. Margins crenate–serrate with mucronate teeth; cauline leaves palmately 3–5-cleft to or below the middle with obovate lobes. Basal leaf veins impressed on upper surface, prominent on lower surface. Cauline leaves petiolate to subsessile; basal petioles slender, 5–25 cm. long, abruptly sheathing at base. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in paniculately arranged terminal clusters of 1–3 pedunculate, capitate umbels plus similar clusters in upper leaf axils. Umbels 6–10–flowered. Peduncles 0.5–1.5 cm long. Involucre of ca. 10, rather conspicuous, oblong or oblanceolate bracts 3–6 mm long. Perfect flowers 1–3, sessile; staminate flowers 5–7, their pedicels ca. 3 mm long. Calyx teeth ovate, 1–1.5 mm long, obtuse, nearly distinct, in fruit exceeding fruit prickles. Corolla of 5 petals; petals purple or cream, tinged–purple. Stamens 5, inserted on an epigynous disk. Ovary inferior, 2-celled; ovules 1 per cells, anatropous; styles 2, usually swollen at base into a stylopodium.Styles a little longer than calyx teeth, recurved.

Fruit: Fruit subglobose; 2–3.5 mm long; 2–3 mm in diameter; mericarps somewhat compressed dorsally in transection; covered with slender; straight or slightly curved; slightly bulbous–based prickles; vittae inconspicuous; commissural surface shallowly concave; the commissural scar lanceolate. Seeds 1 per mericarp; embryo small; endosperm cartilaginous.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Scattered on mossy precipitous slopes and in open bogs; rarely in low elevation wet forest; in the Ko'olau Mountains; O'ahu; and on West Maui.

Elevation Range: 700–1,460 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Endemic
Maui Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Pumehana Imada

Bibliography

Name Published In: Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 11(13): 6 (1935)

Other References

Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, Vols. 1 and 2 (No. Edn 2). University of Hawai'i and Bishop Museum Press.

Wagner et al. 1990:210 (O, WM)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros polymorpha-Oreobolus montane wet bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 10585 Maui PTBG 4/12/1988
2 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 9734 Oahu US 8/6/1933
3 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros montane wet bogs PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 6928 Maui PTBG 11/15/1987
4 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros montane wet bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 10617 Maui PTBG 4/8/1988
5 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron Montane Wet Forest w/ scattered bogs along ridges & riparian communities in cool side drainages. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5159 Maui PTBG 5/1/1996
6 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros-Oreobolus-Rhyncospora bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 15365 Maui PTBG 5/1/1996
7 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron Montane Wet Forest and windswept shrubland ridge. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 6156 Maui PTBG 4/11/1997
8 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 12333 Oahu US 11/10/1935
9 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, b. hobdy & m. bruegmann 10617 Maui US 4/8/1988
10 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 9734 Oahu US 1933-00-00
11 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 10179 Oahu US 1/19/1930
12 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, j. obata, b. hill & d. palmer 6928 Maui US 11/15/1987
13 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W. H. 5420 Maui US 7/27/1947
14 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, j. obata, b. hill & d. palmer 6928 Maui US 11/15/1987
15 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Gon, S.; Higashino, P.; Bartlett, R. 10745 Maui US 10/2/1989
16 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Obata, J.; Hill, B.; Palmer, D. 6928 Maui US 11/15/1987
17 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, s. gon, p. higashino & r. bartlett 10745 Maui US 10/2/1989
18 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. h. wagner 5420 Maui US 7/27/1947
19 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, r. bartlett & m. bruegmann 10609 Maui US 4/12/1988
20 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. st. john 10179 Oahu US 1/19/1930
21 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Bartlett, R.; Bruegmann, M. 10609 Maui US 4/12/1988
22 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. st. john 17628 Oahu US 4/28/1935
23 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Hobdy, B.; Bruegmann, M. 10617 Maui US 4/8/1988
24 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Obata, J.; Hill, B.; Palmer, D. 6928 Maui US 11/15/1987
25 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 12333 Oahu US 11/10/1935
26 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 17628 Oahu US 4/28/1935
27 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mossy Divide PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 17628 Oahu BISH 4/28/1935
28 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet bogs with Coprosma, Rhynchospora, Myrsine vaccinioides, Geranium humile, Viola maviensis, Lobelia gloria-montis, Plantago pachyphylla, Melicope, Cheirodendron, Vaccinium, Oreobolus, Dubautia laxa. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 6928 Maui BISH 11/15/1987
29 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Scattered on steep, windswept mossy slope in Metrosideros Wet Shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H81410 Maui BISH 8/18/2014
30 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Warshauer, F.R. FRW 3078 Maui BISH 8/16/1980
31 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 1135 Oahu BISH 8/6/1933
32 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hillebrand, w.b. lydgate, j.m. collector number: s.n. Maui BISH
33 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cranwell, L.M. 3882 Maui BISH 7/26/1938
34 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Grassy divide PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 10179 Oahu BISH 1/19/1930
35 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 9734 F 8/6/1933
36 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mossy Divide PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 17628 Oahu BISH 4/28/1935
37 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 23559 Oahu BISH 2/20/1949
38 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Grassy divide PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 10179 Oahu BISH 1/19/1930
39 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet bogs with Coprosma, Rhynchospora, Myrsine vaccinioides, Geranium humile, Viola maviensis, Lobelia gloria-montis, Plantago pachyphylla, Melicope, Cheirodendron, Vaccinium, Oreobolus, Dubautia laxa. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. obata, j.; hill, b.; palmer, d. collector number: 6928 Maui BISH 11/15/1987
40 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Scattered on steep, windswept mossy slope in Metrosideros Wet Shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H71404 Maui BISH 7/18/2014
41 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 716 Oahu BISH 10/24/1979
42 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN F. R. Fosberg 12333 F 11/10/1935
43 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hillebrand, W.B. s.n. Maui BISH
44 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Scattered on steep, windswept mossy slope in Metrosideros Wet Shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H81409 Maui BISH 8/18/2014
45 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 9734 Hawaii BISH 8/6/1933
46 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 13863 Oahu BISH 5/23/1937
47 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hillebrand, w.b. lydgate, j.m. collector number: s.n. Maui BISH
48 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Rain Forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Morley, H. 74 Oahu BISH 12/10/1933
49 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 10179 Oahu BISH 1/19/1930
50 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information rain forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Morley, H. 14 Oahu BISH 12/10/1933
51 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 1135 Oahu BISH 8/6/1933
52 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 9734 Oahu BISH 8/6/1933
53 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Specimen on a steep slope, on a windswept E facing wall; assoc w/Plantago pachyphylla, Dryopteris glabra, Peperomia eekana, Diplopterygium pinnatum, various mosses. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. wood, k.r. collector number: 118 Maui BISH 5/1/1996
54 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cranwell, l.m. selling, o.; skottsberg, c. collector number: 3882 Maui BISH 7/26/1938
55 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 14228 Oahu BISH 7/24/1937
56 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Rain Forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN morley, h. collector number: 74 Oahu BISH 12/10/1933
57 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN grant, m.l. collector number: 7224 Oahu BISH 8/7/1934
58 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 12333 Oahu BISH 11/10/1935
59 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 17628 Oahu BISH 4/28/1935
60 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 12333 Oahu BISH 11/10/1935
61 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hillebrand, W.B. s.n. Maui BISH
62 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hillebrand, w.b. lydgate, j.m. collector number: s.n. Maui BISH
63 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hillebrand, W.B. s.n. Maui BISH
64 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Grant, M.L. 7224 Oahu BISH 8/7/1934
65 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 716 Maui BISH 10/24/1979
66 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Warshauer, F.R. FRW 3046 Maui BISH 8/15/1980
67 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dredged -- Marine Algae Collection from the National Marine Fisheries Service, SWFC, Honolulu Laboratory. Frozen sample. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. egler, f.e. collector number: 14228 Hawaii BISH 7/24/1937
68 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 13863 Oahu BISH 5/23/1937
69 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On limb of fallen Charpentiera, in Aleurites-Microlepia dominated narrow gully. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN morley, h. collector number: 14 Oahu BISH 12/10/1933
70 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN warshauer, f.r. mceldowney, p.h. collector number: frw 3046 Maui BISH 8/15/1980
71 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Specimen on a steep slope, on a windswept E facing wall; assoc w/Plantago pachyphylla, Dryopteris glabra, Peperomia eekana, Diplopterygium pinnatum, various mosses. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. 118 Maui BISH 5/1/1996
72 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 23559 Oahu BISH 2/20/1949
73 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN warshauer, f.r. mceldowney, p.h. collector number: frw 3078 Maui BISH 8/16/1980
74 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 12333 F 11/10/1935
75 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman 10745 F 10/2/1989
76 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN S. P. Perlman 10745 F 10/2/1989
77 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN F. R. Fosberg 9734 F 8/6/1933
78 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In open bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 15755 Maui PTBG 3/19/1997
79 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron Montane Wet Forest w/ scattered bogs along ridges & riparian communities in cool side drainages. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5159 Maui PTBG 5/1/1996
80 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros wet shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H81409 Maui PTBG 8/18/2014
81 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros montane wet bogs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 6887 Maui PTBG 11/14/1987
82 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros wet shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H81410 Maui PTBG 8/18/2014
83 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 14703 Oahu PTBG 3/12/1995
84 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron Montane Wet Forest and windswept shrubland ridge. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 6156 Maui PTBG 4/11/1997
85 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros polymorpha-Oreobolus montane wet bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 10609 Maui PTBG 4/12/1988
86 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest & windswept shrubland ridges, scattered bogs & headwater drainages into Waihee. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 6183 Maui PTBG 4/11/1997
87 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet shrublands and windwept bogs with patches of forest along streams. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 6068 Maui PTBG 3/19/1997
88 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros - Oreobolus bog. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 16154 Maui PTBG 1/27/1998
89 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In Metrosideros -Dicranopteris montane wet shrub. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 14168 Maui PTBG 5/4/1994
90 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros lowland wet shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 13376 Oahu PTBG 3/3/1993
91 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros mixed montane wet shrublands. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 10745 Maui PTBG 10/2/1989
92 Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 17628 Oahu BISH 4/28/1935
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